Mayo Clinic Laboratory and Pathology Research Roundup: July 16

By Kelley Luedke • July 16, 2018

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The Research Roundup provides an overview of the past week’s research from Mayo Medical Laboratories consultants, including featured abstracts and complete list of published studies and reviews.

Featured Abstract

Senolytics Improve Physical Function and Increase Lifespan in Old Age

Physical function declines in old age, portending disability, increased health expenditures, and mortality. Cellular senescence, leading to tissue dysfunction, may contribute to these consequences of aging, but whether senescence can directly drive age-related pathology and be therapeutically targeted is still unclear. Mayo Clinic researchers demonstrate that transplanting relatively small numbers of senescent cells into young mice is sufficient to cause persistent physical dysfunction, as well as to spread cellular senescence to host tissues. Transplanting even fewer senescent cells had the same effect in older recipients and was accompanied by reduced survival, indicating the potency of senescent cells in shortening health- and lifespan. The senolytic cocktail, dasatinib plus quercetin, which causes selective elimination of senescent cells, decreased the number of naturally occurring senescent cells and their secretion of frailty-related proinflammatory cytokines in explants of human adipose tissue. Moreover, intermittent oral administration of senolytics to both senescent cell-transplanted young mice and naturally aged mice alleviated physical dysfunction and increased post-treatment survival by 36% while reducing mortality hazard to 65%. The study provides proof-of-concept evidence that senescent cells can cause physical dysfunction and decreased survival even in young mice, while senolytics can enhance remaining health- and lifespan in old mice. The study was published in the Nature Medicine.

Published to PubMed This Week

• • • • • Neoplasia and the Heart: Pathological Review of Effects With Clinical and Radiological Correlation
          Journal of the American College of Cardiology
        • Assay to Rapidly Screen for Immunoglobulin Light Chain Glycosylation: A Potential Path to Earlier AL Diagnosis for a Subset of Patients
          Leukemia
        • Clearance Kinetics of the VGF-Derived Neuropeptide TLQP-21
          Neuropeptides
        • Clinical Correlates and Treatment Outcomes for Patients With Short Telomere Syndromes
          Mayo Clinic Proceedings
        • Endometrial Adenocarcinoma, Endometrioid Type
          Mayo Clinic Proceedings
        • Objective but Not Subjective Short Sleep Duration Is Associated With Hypertension in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
          Hypertension
        • Lipoblastoma-Like Tumor of the Vulva: A Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical, Fluorescence in situ Hybridization and Genomic Copy Number Profiling Study of Seven Cases
          Modern Pathology
        • Early Thrombotic Events and Preemptive Systemic Anticoagulation Following Splenectomy for Myelofibrosis
          American Journal of Hematology
        • Uterine Serous Carcinoma: Reassessing Effectiveness of Platinum-Based adjuvant Therapy
          Gynecologic Oncology
        • Co-Expression of CDX2 and CK20 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, An Exceedingly Rare Co-Incidence with Potential Diagnostic Pitfall
          Human Pathology
        • Variants in Genes Encoding Small GTPases and Association with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Susceptibility
          PLoS One
        • Comparing Analytical Outliers and the Percent of Emergency Department Patients with Results Above the 99th Percentile Upper Reference Limit for 2 Conventional and One High Sensitivity Troponin Assay
          Clinical Biochemistry
        • Possible Mechanisms Behind Cardiac Troponin Elevations
          Biomarkers
        • Imaging Features of Phoshaturic Mesenchymal Tumors
          Skeletal Radiology

Kelley Luedke

Kelley Luedke is a Marketing Channel Manager at Mayo Clinic Laboratories. She is the principle editor and writer of Insights and leads social media and direct marketing strategy. Kelley has worked at Mayo Clinic since 2013. Outside of work, you can find Kelley running, traveling, playing with her kitty, and exploring new foods.