Nicotine

Supporting recognition and treatment of a pervasive disorder

As the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States, tobacco use can contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory illness. Tobacco use disorder is recognized as a medical condition by the American Psychiatric Association, and testing is a powerful tool that helps physicians identify and treat this condition. Mayo Clinic Laboratories offers a suite of testing options to quantify and monitor nicotine use.

Nicotine test menu

Nicotine testing

We offer serum testing to quantify nicotine and its primary metabolite, cotinine, as well as urine testing to quantify nicotine, cotinine, nornicotine (another metabolite), and anabasine (an alkaloid found in tobacco plants but not in nicotine replacement therapies).

Tobacco users engaged in programs to abstain from tobacco require support in the form of counseling, pharmacotherapy, and continuous encouragement. Quantification while patients are using tobacco helps tailor nicotine replacement doses early in cessation treatment. Random nicotine testing can also monitor patient compliance. If the results of testing indicate the patient is actively using a tobacco product during therapy, additional counseling or intervention may be appropriate.

In addition, nicotine testing can be used to confirm nicotine-use cessation before anesthesia and as part of initial insurance policy assessments.

Key testing

Highlights


Addiction medicine profile

Our comprehensive addiction medicine profile can help identify polysubstance use disorder as well as assess and manage patients at risk for substance use disorder.

Key testing

Highlights


References
  1. Cornelius ME, Loretan CG, Jamal A, et al. Tobacco product use among adults – United States, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023;72:475–483. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7218a1
  2. Birdsey J, Cornelius M, Jamal A, et al. Tobacco product use among U.S. middle and high school students — National Youth Tobacco Survey, 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023;72:1173–1182. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7244a1
  3. Dale LC, Hurt RD, Hays JT. Drug therapy to aid in smoking cessation. Tips on maximizing patients' chances for success. Postgrad Med. 1998 Dec;104(6):75-78, 83-84.
  4. Rudasingwa G, Kim Y, Lee C, Lee J, Kim S, Kim S. Comparison of nicotine dependence and biomarker levels among traditional cigarette, heat-not-burn cigarette, and liquid e-cigarette users: results from the Think Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 29;18(9):4777. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094777
  5. Sharma P, Sane N, Anand SD, Marimutthu P, Benegal V. Assessment of cotinine in urine and saliva of smokers, passive smokers, and nonsmokers: method validation using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Indian J Psychiatry. 2019 May-Jun;61(3):270-276. doi:10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_61_18
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