Mayo Clinic Laboratories > Neurology > CNS demyelinating disease

CNS demyelinating disease

Cutting-edge investigations to differentiate disease

Immune-mediated central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) associated disease (MOGAD), present with similar clinical and radiologic features as multiple sclerosis, which is the most common CNS demyelinating disease. Because multiple sclerosis treatment may worsen NMOSD and MOGAD, accurate diagnosis is critical.

CNS demyelinating disease Test menu

CNS demyelinating disease

Our unique evaluation to diagnose immune-mediated CNS demyelinating disease uses a fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) live cell-binding assay to detect the two most common antibodies linked to the harmful autoimmune response. Identification of aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG) and MOG-IgG allows for diagnostic certainty and implementation of an appropriate treatment regimen, which minimizes the risk of relapse and patient disability.

Key testing

Advantages

  • Uses innovative FACS technology for improved detection of AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG antibodies.
  • Yields 76.7% sensitivity, compared to 60% sensitivity through ELISA.
  • Enables 100% specificity for AQP4.
  • Allows for a faster diagnosis and treatment plan decision for your patient.

Highlights


References
  1. Reindl M, Schanda K, Woodhall M, et al. International multicenter examination of MOG antibody assays. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2020 Feb 5;7(2):e674. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000674. Print 2020 Mar 5.
  2. Hamid SHM, et al. What proportion of AQP4-IgG-negative NMO spectrum disorder patients are MOG-IgG positive? A cross sectional study of 132 patients. J Neurol. 2017 Oct;264(10):2088-2094.
  3. Pittock SJ, Lennon VA, Bakshi N, et al. Seroprevalence of aquaporin-4-IgG in a Northern California population representative cohort of multiple sclerosis. JAMA Neurol. 2014;71(11):1433-1436.
  4. Water PJ, McKeon A, Leite MI, et al. Serologic diagnosis of NMO: a multicenter comparison of aquaporin-4-IgG assays. Neurology. 2012;78(9):665-671.
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